Introduction of the Ophthalmic Examination
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Introduction of the Ophthalmic Examination

A major role of the central nervous system is in visual perception and co-ordination of eye movement. Hence, disorders of the central nervous system may present with visual signs including: drop in visual acuity, constriction of visual field and binocular diplopia. The neuro-ophthalmic examination involves assessment of both anatomical and functional elements of the visual…

Colour Vision Assessment
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Colour Vision Assessment

Different parts of the retina are particularly sensitive to certain hues. The majority of nerve fibres of the anterior visual pathways (optic nerve, optic chiasm and optic tract) serve our central vision, which is particularly sensitive to red and green light. Hence, diseases of the optic nerve (optic neuropathies) will cause red-green colour desaturation. Technique…