Examining the Sensory System
Subtitles in English for this video can be displayed by clicking on
(first button on the bottom right hand corner of the video).
Subtitles in English for this video can be displayed by clicking on
(first button on the bottom right hand corner of the video).
The patient in this video has no hand tremor during rest. However, when the patient is asked to maintain her arms in an outstretched position, a right hand tremor can be seen (postural tremor). The patient also had an action tremor (not shown in this video) and was subsequently diagnosed to have essential tremor –…
Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer’s disease, accounting for 15-20% of all cases. This form of dementia is due to an abnormal accumulation of Lewy bodies, which are spherical intra-neuronal protein aggregates consisting primarily of α-synuclein. Dementia with Lewy bodies is therefore considered as a synucleinopathy. Other synucleinopathies…
The patients shown in the these three videos all have idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. There is a typical resting tremor that involves the upper and lower limbs in the first patient, and only the upper limbs in the second and third patient. In all three patients, the right side is more severely affected. This is often the…
A. Clinical manifestations The clinical features of CSF shunt infection can be quite variable and depend on the pathogenesis of the infection, organism virulence and type of shunt. The most frequent symptoms are headache, nausea, lethargy, fever and change in mental status. Pain, often related to infection at the peritoneal or pleural endings of the…
Subtitles in English for this video can be displayed by clicking on (first button on the bottom right hand corner of the video). Inspection of the Lower Limbs After positioning the patient on the bed and ensuring adequate exposure, the lower limbs should be inspected as follow: The examiner should stand at the end of the bed and…
Before touching the patient, it is important and good practice to stand back and spend some time in performing a thorough general examination of the patient. Unfortunately, students often rush into touching the patient, hence often neglecting crucial signs which may lead to the diagnosis. An approach to the general examination of a patient presenting…