Examining the Sensory System
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Upper Limbs
Subtitles in English for this video can be displayed by clicking on (first button on the bottom right hand corner of the video). Inspection of the Upper Limbs After adequate exposure, one should then lay the patient’s arms out comfortably. The examiner should stand at the end of the bed / facing the patient if the patient is…
Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis
These two videos are from a middle-aged man presenting with progressive bilateral lower limb and right upper limb weakness for few months. In the first video, there are prominent fasciculations over the entire right upper limb. Whilst in the second video, fasciculations can also be noted over both lower limbs, but more prominent on the…
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Subarachnoid haemorrhages are where there is an extravasation of blood into the space between the arachnoid and pia. Subarachnoid haemorrhages often develop as a result of rupture of a cerebral aneurysm (most often arising from the circle of Willis or the middle cerebral artery bifurcation) or consequent to severe head trauma. Patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage secondary to aneurysmal…
Multiple Sclerosis
The set of cranial MRIs shown here are from a young woman with a known history of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. In the first scan (T2W axial cut), we can see multiple T2 hyperintense lesions involving bilateral cerebral cortices (Figure 1). These lesions are noted to be of a juxta-cortical and also peri-ventricular distribution, which are classical of multiple sclerosis. In the next…
Case application for CT anatomy (2)
Interpret the following CT brain carefully.
Ulnar Neuropathy
These two photos (Figures 1 and 2) show wasting of the left small hand muscles including the interosseous muscles, 3rd and 4th lumbricals and hypothenar muscles. The picture also shows an ulnar claw hand in which there is extension of the metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 4th…
