Examining the Sensory System
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Case application of CT anatomy (3)
Interpret the following CT brain carefully.
Brain Abscess
A. Clinical manifestations The clinical course of brain abscess ranges from indolent to fulminant. Most clinical manifestations are not due to the systemic signs of infection, but rather to the size and site of the abscess. Headache is the most common presenting symptom. Other symptoms and signs include changes in mental status, focal neurological deficits,…
Contraindications of a Lumbar Puncture
A lumbar puncture (LP) is contraindicated in the following scenarios: Patients with bleeding diathesis, e.g. severe coagulopathy (INR >1.4) and thrombocytopenia (platelet <50 x 109/L). If coagulopathy or thrombocytopenia is not corrected prior to the procedure, spinal hematomas resulting in spinal cord compromise may result. Patients with increased intracranial pressure due to an intracranial lesion…
Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System
Neoplasms of the central nervous system could be divided into primary and metastatic tumours, each accounting for approximating half of all brain tumours. Primary neoplasms can be further subdivided into several major categories: Tumours of neuroepithelial tissue Tumours of the meninges Tumours of the cranial and spinal nerves and Lymphomas and haematopoietic neoplasms Tumours of…
Horner’s Syndrome
The patients in these two photos show the classical signs of Horner’s syndrome. In the first photo (Figure 1), there is left-sided partial ptosis, miosis and anhidrosis. Whilst in the second photo (Figure 2), there is right-sided ptosis and miosis. Horner’s syndrome is caused by a lesion affecting the sympathetic pathway. This pathway starts as…