Ischaemic Changes of Different Anatomical Regions or Vascular Territories

Byepsuadmin August 21, 2014June 14, 2015

Cerebral infarction involving the middle cerebral artery territory: Chronic middle cerebral artery territory infarct

Compared to the previous CT scan, the films shown here is from a patient with a chronic right middle cerebral artery territory infarct (Figures 1 and 2). There is a sharply delineated wedge-shaped hypodense area (approaching the density of cerebral-spinal fluid) involving the grey and white matter supplied by the right middle cerebral artery.

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Other Radiographs

Hemi-craniectomy

Byepsuadmin August 21, 2014June 14, 2015

This is a non-contrast cranial CT from a middle-aged man with multiple cardiovascular risk factors who suffered a severe ischaemic stroke involving the left middle cerebral artery territory. There was significant cytotoxic cerebral oedema as a result of the extensive infarction. The patient was operated on by the Neurosurgeons and a left hemi-craniectomy was performed…

Neuro-ophthalmology | Neurological Signs

Horizontal Nystagmus

Byepsuadmin August 20, 2014June 14, 2015

In the first video, the patient has both horizontal nystagmus and vertical “down-beat” nystagmus. In the second video, the patient has a torsional nystagmus when looking to her right hand side. Discussion of the sign Nystagmus is defined as a rhythmic oscillation of the eyes. It usually consists of a slow drifting phase in one direction and a…

Neuro-imaging

Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System

Byepsuadmin August 21, 2014June 14, 2015

Neoplasms of the central nervous system could be divided into primary and metastatic tumours, each accounting for approximating half of all brain tumours. Primary neoplasms can be further subdivided into several major categories: Tumours of neuroepithelial tissue Tumours of the meninges Tumours of the cranial and spinal nerves and Lymphomas and haematopoietic neoplasms Tumours of…

Neurodegenerative Disorders

Dementia with Lewy Bodies

Byepsuadmin June 5, 2015June 14, 2015

Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer’s disease, accounting for 15-20% of all cases. This form of dementia is due to an abnormal accumulation of Lewy bodies, which are spherical intra-neuronal protein aggregates consisting primarily of α-synuclein. Dementia with Lewy bodies is therefore considered as a synucleinopathy. Other synucleinopathies…

Intracranial Haemorrhage | Neuro-imaging | Vascular Disease

Spontaneous Parenchymal Haemorrhage

Byepsuadmin August 21, 2014June 14, 2015

Intra-ventricular extension of intra-cerebral haemorrhage Occasionally, the intra-cerebral haemorrhage may extend into the ventricles (intra-ventricular extension) and these are most often seen in patients with haemorrhage involving the thalamus and caudate nucleus (Figures 1 and 2). Important acute management issues of patients presenting with spontaneous parenchymal haemorrhage includes: strict control of blood pressure as well as correction of…

Neuro-ophthalmology | Neurological Signs

Sixth Nerve Palsy

Byepsuadmin August 20, 2014June 15, 2022

In this patient, there is a mild esotropia on neutral gaze as the left eye is slightly deviated medially. There is impaired left eye abduction resulting in diplopia when the patient is instructed to look towards the left. Discussion of the sign Abduction of the eye is controlled by the lateral rectus muscle, which is…

Cerebral infarction involving the middle cerebral artery territory: Chronic middle cerebral artery territory infarct

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